英语作文写信格式「荐读」
一、英文书信通常由下列五个部分组成:
1、信头(Heading)
信头包括写信人地址和写信日期写信的格式,通常写在信笺的右上角。在比较熟识的朋友之间的通信,写信人的地址常可略去。本课的信头就只写了写信日期,而没有写信人的地址。日期通常有下列两种定法:
(a)月、日、年:如August15,200__
(b)日、月、年:如15thaugust,200__
地址的写法通常是由小到大,如:门牌号、街道名、市(县)名、省名、国名(邮政编码通常写在城市名之后)。这同中文书信的地址写法完全相反。地址可以写1~3行,日期写在地址的下方(见信笺格式)。
2、称呼(Salutation)
称呼指写信人对收信人的称呼,如DearXiaojun,写在信头的下方和信笺的左边。称呼一般用Dear…或Mydear…开头,称呼后一般用逗号。
3、正文(Body)
这是书信的主体部分,即写信人要表达的内容。正文要求文字通顺,层次分明,表意清楚。可以手书,也可以打写。
4、结束语(ComplimentaryClose)
它是书信结尾的恭维话,相当于文中书信最后的“祝好”、“致礼”之类的话语。本课书信中的“Bestwishes”(致以最好的祝愿)就是结束语。
5、签名(Signature)
签名通常签在结束语下方的中间偏右的位置,如本课信中的Charlie。签名应是亲笔书写,即使是打写机打出的.信件,最后仍需亲笔签名。在签名的上方可根据写信人和收信人的关系写上Sincerelyyours/Yourssincerely(用于长辈或朋友之间),或Respectfullyyours/Yoursrespectfully(用于对长辈或上级)。
二、书信性质
首先要看你写信的性质。是官方而正式的书信?还是朋友间的通信?
无论是哪一种,基本的英文书信格式应包括四大部分:日期,称呼,正文,和落款(包括敬语)
1、朋友间的
October,16,2011(右起顶格)
Dear Jimmy(左起顶格)
I'm glad to receive your letter...(正文,开头空四格)
Yours Sincerely,
Jack(右下,包括敬语和落款)
2、官方、正式的书信
信内应包含收信人地址(西方古时防止信封损坏地址无着而沿用至今的传统)、日期、称呼、正文、落款等。其实官方的书信更多应该参考第3点,越全面越表示你对他们的重视。
001th,Happy Road, 9th District
250013, New York, U.S.A(地址同样顶格写,从小写到大)
(以下同1)
October,16,2011(右起顶格)
Dear Jimmy(左起顶格)
I'm glad to receive your letter...(正文,开头空四格)
Yours Sincerely,
Jack(右下,包括敬语和落款)
3、商务英语电函
更为严格的商务英语电函,包括有十几种元素。难度很大,但是是英文商务信函的必备
(信头是寄信人地址、公司信息,收信人地址,经由转交,参考号,日期,称呼,主题写信的格式,正文,敬语,落款,签名,附注,附件等等)
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三、例文
A Letter to A Schoolmate
June 23, 2001
Dear Xiao Wang,
I’m very glad to learn that you’re going to visit me during the week-long holiday. My parents will also
be happy to see you again. I am sure you will enjoy every minute here.
I have arranged our schedule for the holiday as follows. On the first day you arrive, I’ll show you around
our campus. On the second day, we’ll visit the art gallery and the music hall. Next day, we’ll climb a hill
in the northeastern part of the city. On the top of the hill, we can have a wonderful bird’s eye view of
the city. During the next three days, we’ll make some short trips to some places of interest nearby, such
as the Swan Cave, the Golden Lake, etc. On the last day, I’ll see you off at the railway station.
Please remember to call and tell me your train number and time of arrival so that I can meet you at the
railway station. By the way, it’s very hot here and we have a lot of sunshine, so don’t forget to wear you
sunglasses.
I’m looking forward to seeing you soon.
Sincerely yours,
Zhang Ying
写信日期称呼正文第一段:表示欢迎正文第2段:活动安排第一天的安排第二天的安排第三天的安排第4-6天的安排第七天:送行正文第三段(注意事项): 注意事项一注意事项二结束语结尾礼词签名。
上面举的是私人信件的例子,下面我们再来看一封投诉信(Letter of Complaint)。
投诉信的目的是为了让收信人读信后同情你的遭遇,解决你所遇到的问题。所以写投诉信时应该实事求是地反映情况,注意措辞,不使用过多的讽刺或责备的语言,也不要因为发泄怒气而离题,以避免引起收信人的不信任或反感。
一般而言,投诉信包括以下内容:提出要求和理由;解释详细的情况;把请求具体化以及希望收信人采取行动的日期等。例如:
September 1, 2001
Dear Sir or Madam:
I’m writing to complain about a typewriter I bought seven months ago.
In February of 2001 I bought a Jones Typewriter, Portable Special Model, at ABC Store, I had used it only a
few days when the space bar broke.
I took it to a local shop, they told me it was factory defect and suggest I take it back to ABC. ABC accepted
the machine and sent the part in. I waited three months, and since your company did not send a replacement,
they let me have the space bar from another typewriter.
Now, six months later, it has broken again. I took it back to ABC. They are no longer carrying your typewriter,
but they assured me that the guarantee is still good and suggested that I write you for further instructions as
to what steps to take.
I will appreciate anything you can do to help us on this matter.
Respectfully,
(Signature)
James Bergen
写信日期 称呼正文第一段:表明写信的目的正文第二段:具体说明购买产品的时间、地点及出现的问题第三段:说明尝试的解决方法 第四段:说明尝试的解决方案无效,请求帮助结尾礼词签名打印的姓名。
这是一封态度冷静、措辞有理、有节的投诉售后服务不周的信。由于这类信涉及经销商(厂家)和卖方,因此,投诉信中写明了以下详细的情况:
1) 购物的时间:In February of 2001
2) 购物地点: at ABC Store
3) 产品型号:Jones Typewriter, Portable Special Model
4) 使用时间:I had used it only a few days;six months later
5) 主要问题:The space bar broke
6) 产生问题的原因:factory defect
7) 为什么向你方反映:
They are no longer carrying your typewriter, but they assured us that the guarantee is still good and suggested
that I write you for further instructions as to what steps to take. (商店已没有贵公司的打字机,但他们让我相信,保修卡仍有效,并建议我写信给贵公司以寻求解决办法)
此外,写信人还用了礼貌的结束语:
I will appreciate anything you can do to help us on this matter. (贵公司在这件事上给我的任何帮助都将令我不胜感激)
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